你知道嗎？中世紀農奴的假期其實比你還多

#農奴，中世紀的基本生產單位

當你轉生或穿越時都不會想選的爛職業

但有歷史學家發現，雖然職稱掛個「奴」

農奴休的假，其實比你各位資本主義奴隸還多

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扣掉周休二日和國定假期

我們一年大概要上 240 天班

但中世紀農奴大約只要工作 180 天

硬是比現代可剝勞工多放 2 個月的假

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這是因為當時的節慶假期

往往一放就是一兩周、而且每個月都有

此外在農業社會，冬天幾乎不必 workwork

如果你是位農奴，此時已經開始放長假了

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啊你可能會想說，上班日比較少

不代表工作時間一定比較短啊？

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要是只用出門和回家的時間點來算

農奴一天的出勤時間大約為 12 小時

可中世紀的作息安排跟現在不太一樣

午間會有午休和午睡（兩個是分開的）

早餐時段也會有早休，七折八扣後

實際工作時數甚至不到 8 小時

比超班加時的你悠哉太多了

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此外，當農奴收入上漲時

工時還會更少──最低可到 120 天

因為當時人們只按自己的經濟需求工作

一旦錢夠用了，剩餘時間通通會投入休閒

懂享受的程度，放到現在根本像個貴族

你真的是沒什麼資格說他們奴

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冬天不能放假、天黑不能下班

整天做得要死，賺得錢依舊不夠花…

仔細想想，如果農奴聽到現代人工作情況

他會不會以為這是在講地獄啊？？

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#怪奇冷知識612

開放申請異世界移民服務

費用就係我做貴族你地做農奴

有志者請留言

貴族會俾異族誅殺

要上斷頭臺

農奴唔會

打工仔比老闆輕鬆

Btw仲有冇空缺，健壯俊俏男奴一名

人地話放假你就唔洗理啲米？

到塊田全部雜草又病撚晒你狂放藥都醫唔好啦

但係人哋成日話你喺中世紀今日仲可以生存到 , 下個禮拜可能你已經死鬼咗 .

但依家種嘢都有機會俾素食左膠話殺生

早幾個月發夢去過，不過我驚俾人類知道左會侵略異世界，同埋異世界有人del 左我影嗰張相，所以我無左個入去嘅方法。。

真係尷尬

貴族要出去打仗

教皇吹雞十字軍東征就要上

隨時死喺異教徒手上

你知道嗎？乞衣的假期其實比你還多

可憐耶

根據呢

似9up多但工業革命之前冇電燈啲農民working hour點都會比現代少

夜晚點都會有人巡邏所以軍事方面應該同現代差唔多

農村娛樂就係飲飲食食同屌閪

不過一病就好大機會死, 所以平均得30-40歲命

東方就完全唔同世界又少文獻

「百姓」係起身做到太陽落山, 到時到候就上繳中央就一世

老婆仔女結婚全部村長安排曬, 唔會好似西方咁有亂交party

冇貴族所以農村冇人夜晚巡邏

Btw binc post

bin mud 9

驗證中世紀農奴與現代工人工作時間的比較

中世紀農奴的工作日數確實少於現代工人，但這個議題比較複雜，讓我們來分析一下：

## 工作日數比較

根據歷史學家的研究，中世紀農奴每年的工作日數確實比現代工人少：

- 中世紀農奴：約180個工作日（有些研究甚至顯示只有160天）[1][8]

- 現代美國工人：約233個工作日[1]

這個差距確實大約是2個月，正如文中所說。特別是在工資上升的時期（如14世紀英國黑死病後），勞動者甚至可能只工作約120天/年。[4][7]

## 節慶和季節性休息

中世紀的宗教節日和慶祝活動確實很多：

- 教會規定的假期占全年約三分之一[4]

- 有些地區每年有80-100天的宗教假期[6]

- 冬天工作減少，尤其是1月幾乎完全不用工作[1]

## 工作時間結構

關於每天的工作時間：

- 中世紀工作日從日出到日落（夏季約16小時，冬季約8小時）[4]

- 但有多次休息時間：早餐、午餐、下午小睡、晚餐，以及上下午的茶點時間[4][9]

- 多數研究顯示實際工作時間約為8-9小時[2][4]

## 重要考量因素

雖然農奴有較多休息日，但有幾點需要考慮：

1. **家務勞動**：現代人許多家務有機器或服務替代，中世紀農民仍需磨麵粉、收集燃料、手洗衣物、從頭煮飯、修補工具等，這些都需要花費大量時間[1][11]

2. **身分限制**：農奴雖然有休息時間，但缺乏自由，不能自由變更住所、結婚對象，也不能在沒有領主許可的情況下遺贈財產[3]

3. **體力勞動強度**：農業工作（尤其是播種和收穫）是非常辛苦的體力勞動[10]

4. **雙重勞動**：農奴不僅要為領主工作（通常每週2-3天），還要管理自己的農田[3][7]

## 結論

文中所述的基本事實大致上是正確的：中世紀農奴的確比現代工人有更多休息日，且工作時間分配更符合自然節奏。當收入足夠時，他們確實會選擇減少工作量，這反映了「勞動供給的後彎曲線」現象——收入上升時，工作意願反而下降[1][4]。

然而，我們不應過度美化中世紀生活。雖然農奴有較多休息日，但他們的生活品質、選擇自由和社會保障都遠不如現代人。如果考慮所有家務勞動時間，農奴可能比表面上的工作時間要長得多。

如果農奴看到現代人的工作情況，他們可能會對我們缺乏休息感到驚訝，但同時也會羨慕我們的生活便利性和選擇自由。

Citations:

[1] https://www.yeoldetymenews.com/p/do-you-work-more-than-a-medieval

[2] https://centerforinquiry.org/blog/medieval-or-modern-workers-whos-working-more/

[3] https://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval-life/medieval-serfs.htm

[4] https://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/users/rauch/worktime/hours_workweek.html

[5] https://www.recruiter.com/recruiting/serfs-up-modern-debt-serfdom-vs-the-enviable-leisure-time-of-a-medieval-peasant/

[6] https://www.princeea.com/the-average-american-works-more-and-takes-fewer-vacations-than-a-medieval-peasant/

[7] https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/regulation-industry/medieval-peasants-really-did-not-work-only-150-days-a-year

[8] https://owlcation.com/humanities/medieval-leisure-activities

[9] https://www.technology.org/how-and-why/do-we-work-more-than-medieval-peasants/

[10] https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/medieval-peasant-life-0017017

[11] https://www.reddit.com/r/history/comments/9uqu1i/what_did_medieval_peasants_did_in_their_free_time/

[12] https://thehistoryace.com/the-amount-of-hours-medieval-peasants-worked-per-week/

[13] https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12drhiv/i_saw_a_meme_saying_medieval_peasants_worked_only/

[14] https://history.stackexchange.com/questions/70816/did-medieval-peasants-work-150-days-a-year

[15] https://www.liberalcurrents.com/the-myth-of-the-comfortable-peasant/

[16] https://www.inc.com/suzanne-lucas/even-medieval-peasants-got-more-vacation-time-than-you-do.html

[17] https://www.instagram.com/citizenkamran/p/DCaKoWKukXN/the-comparison-between-modern-work-hours-and-those-of-medieval-peasants-offers-a/

[18] https://www.leaderonomics.com/articles/functional/work-longer-hours-now-medieval-peasant

[19] https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/16yi0cu/who_spent_more_time_working_modern_workers_or/

[20] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Reeve_and_Serfs.jpg?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjOoJ3exbuMAxXhrpUCHdcXL_MQ_B16BAgBEAI

[21] https://en.posztukiwania.pl/2025/01/04/work-life-balance-in-the-middle-ages/

[22] https://bibliotecanatalie.com/home/f/work-and-leisure-in-the-middle-ages

[23] https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20230227-what-does-work-life-balance-mean-in-a-changed-work-world

[24] https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/17ndojq/what_was_the_worklife_balance_of_a_medieval/

[25] https://substack.com/home/post/p-158744630

[26] https://www.reuters.com/article/world/us/column-why-a-medieval-peasant-got-more-vacation-time-than-you-idUSBRE97S0KV/

[27] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=944GH_7-q5I

[28] https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/y37f3/how_many_hours_a_day_did_a_medieval_serf_worked/

[29] https://www.britannica.com/topic/serfdom

[30] https://www.medievaltimes.com/education/medieval-era/people

[31] https://carillonregina.com/work-labour-and-debt-medieval-to-modern/

[32] https://theedgemalaysia.com/node/685166

Pre-industrial workers had a shorter workweek than today's

from The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure, by Juliet B. Schor

See also: Productivity and the Workweek

and: Eight centuries of annual hours

The labouring man will take his rest long in the morning; a good piece of the day is spent afore he come at his work; then he must have his breakfast, though he have not earned it at his accustomed hour, or else there is grudging and murmuring; when the clock smiteth, he will cast down his burden in the midway, and whatsoever he is in hand with, he will leave it as it is, though many times it is marred afore he come again; he may not lose his meat, what danger soever the work is in. At noon he must have his sleeping time, then his bever in the afternoon, which spendeth a great part of the day; and when his hour cometh at night, at the first stroke of the clock he casteth down his tools, leaveth his work, in what need or case soever the work standeth.

-James Pilkington, Bishop of Durham, ca. 1570

One of capitalism's most durable myths is that it has reduced human toil. This myth is typically defended by a comparison of the modern forty-hour week with its seventy- or eighty-hour counterpart in the nineteenth century. The implicit -- but rarely articulated -- assumption is that the eighty-hour standard has prevailed for centuries. The comparison conjures up the dreary life of medieval peasants, toiling steadily from dawn to dusk. We are asked to imagine the journeyman artisan in a cold, damp garret, rising even before the sun, laboring by candlelight late into the night.

These images are backward projections of modern work patterns. And they are false. Before capitalism, most people did not work very long hours at all. The tempo of life was slow, even leisurely; the pace of work relaxed. Our ancestors may not have been rich, but they had an abundance of leisure. When capitalism raised their incomes, it also took away their time. Indeed, there is good reason to believe that working hours in the mid-nineteenth century constitute the most prodigious work effort in the entire history of humankind.

Therefore, we must take a longer view and look back not just one hundred years, but three or four, even six or seven hundred. Consider a typical working day in the medieval period. It stretched from dawn to dusk (sixteen hours in summer and eight in winter), but, as the Bishop Pilkington has noted, work was intermittent - called to a halt for breakfast, lunch, the customary afternoon nap, and dinner. Depending on time and place, there were also midmorning and midafternoon refreshment breaks. These rest periods were the traditional rights of laborers, which they enjoyed even during peak harvest times. During slack periods, which accounted for a large part of the year, adherence to regular working hours was not usual. According to Oxford Professor James E. Thorold Rogers[1], the medieval workday was not more than eight hours. The worker participating in the eight-hour movements of the late nineteenth century was "simply striving to recover what his ancestor worked by four or five centuries ago."

An important piece of evidence on the working day is that it was very unusual for servile laborers to be required to work a whole day for a lord. One day's work was considered half a day, and if a serf worked an entire day, this was counted as two "days-works."[2] Detailed accounts of artisans' workdays are available. Knoop and jones' figures for the fourteenth century work out to a yearly average of 9 hours (exclusive of meals and breaktimes)[3]. Brown, Colwin and Taylor's figures for masons suggest an average workday of 8.6 hours[4].

The contrast between capitalist and precapitalist work patterns is most striking in respect to the working year. The medieval calendar was filled with holidays. Official -- that is, church -- holidays included not only long "vacations" at Christmas, Easter, and midsummer but also numerous saints' andrest days. These were spent both in sober churchgoing and in feasting, drinking and merrymaking. In addition to official celebrations, there were often weeks' worth of ales -- to mark important life events (bride ales or wake ales) as well as less momentous occasions (scot ale, lamb ale, and hock ale). All told, holiday leisure time in medieval England took up probably about one-third of the year. And the English were apparently working harder than their neighbors. The ancien règime in France is reported to have guaranteed fifty-two Sundays, ninety rest days, and thirty-eight holidays. In Spain, travelers noted that holidays totaled five months per year.[5]

The peasant's free time extended beyond officially sanctioned holidays. There is considerable evidence of what economists call the backward-bending supply curve of labor -- the idea that when wages rise, workers supply less labor. During one period of unusually high wages (the late fourteenth century), many laborers refused to work "by the year or the half year or by any of the usual terms but only by the day." And they worked only as many days as were necessary to earn their customary income -- which in this case amounted to about 120 days a year, for a probable total of only 1,440 hours annually (this estimate assumes a 12-hour day because the days worked were probably during spring, summer and fall). A thirteenth-century estime finds that whole peasant families did not put in more than 150 days per year on their land. Manorial records from fourteenth-century England indicate an extremely short working year -- 175 days -- for servile laborers. Later evidence for farmer-miners, a group with control over their worktime, indicates they worked only 180 days a year.

Sources

[1] James E. Thorold Rogers, Six Centuries of Work and Wages (London: Allen and Unwin, 1949), 542-43.

[2] H.S. Bennett, Life on the English Manor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), 104-6.

[3] Douglas Knoop and G.P. Jones, The Medieval Mason (New York: Barnes and Noble, 1967), 105.

[4] R. Allen Brown, H.M. Colvin, and A.J. Taylor, The History of the King's Works, vol. I, the Middle Ages (London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office, 1963).

[5] Edith Rodgers, Discussion of Holidays in the Later Middle Ages (New York: Columbia University Press, 1940), 10-11. See also C.R. Cheney, "Rules for the observance of feast-days in medieval England", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 34, 90, 117-29 (1961).

Eight centuries of annual hours

13th century - Adult male peasant, U.K.: 1620 hours

Calculated from Gregory Clark's estimate of 150 days per family, assumes 12 hours per day, 135 days per year for adult male ("Impatience, Poverty, and Open Field Agriculture", mimeo, 1986)

14th century - Casual laborer, U.K.: 1440 hours

Calculated from Nora Ritchie's estimate of 120 days per year. Assumes 12-hour day. ("Labour conditions in Essex in the reign of Richard II", in E.M. Carus-Wilson, ed., Essays in Economic History, vol. II, London: Edward Arnold, 1962).

Middle ages - English worker: 2309 hours

Juliet Schor's estime of average medieval laborer working two-thirds of the year at 9.5 hours per day

1400-1600 - Farmer-miner, adult male, U.K.: 1980 hours

Calculated from Ian Blanchard's estimate of 180 days per year. Assumes 11-hour day ("Labour productivity and work psychology in the English mining industry, 1400-1600", Economic History Review 31, 23 (1978).

一佢地工時係扣除飯鐘

二中世紀教會多節日

注:係節日唔係假日

可以理解為當日教會將你從地主贖走

唔係要黎比你玩

係全村人全日跪係教堂拜神之類

有讀過教會學校既人都知耶教節日係咩待遇

三領主/農奴權力係唔同地區/時代有好大差異

但只有低處未算低

人地起左城堡出黎唔係開善堂

就算唔比較字面上既權力

領主裁判權係現實上有好大既操作空間

就算唔講醫療衛生因素

中世紀農奴死得不明不白好平常既事

所謂中世紀農奴地位提升係中世紀後期黑死病後人力短缺做成

而其結果係封建農奴制崩潰

之後既耕田佬唔係人身依附既農奴而係合約關係既佃農

最後農奴制聽起黎好似好遙遠既事

實際上蘇聯成立前既俄羅斯大多數人都係農奴狀態

想知真實農奴既真實生活有幾幸福有大把資料

唔洗睇呢D偷互概念既內容農場文